Annotations for Subject-headings: Natural Disasters

This is news from "Latino USA." I'm Maria Martin.

They're just starting to get electricity back on. The water source for the city as well as the surrounding suburbs is contaminated. We don't have drinking water.

It will be some time before life returns to normal for residents of the flood-ravaged Midwest. For hundreds of migrant laborers who normally work the area's corn crop, life has become even more complicated.

Jim Ramos directs a migrant program in Des Moines.

They don't read English, they don't speak English, and everything that's running in the newspapers here is in English, and it's saying, "Don't drink the water. " Again, it's not just Des Moines; it's all over the state that this flooding's happening. So it's all over that they're having these problems.

In a normal year, says Ramos, the work season for corn would begin at the end of July. Now the workers are idle, and food and housing are problems.

We have right now 800 to 1,000 migrants that are in the state awaiting the possibility of work. A lot of the companies have put them in hotels or motels, so they'll be sitting in the motels with time on their hands or no income and trying to survive. But there's only so much you can do with all the water that's out there.

Jim Ramos of the Proteus Project in Des Moines, Iowa.

In the San Antonio federal court, former Texas Congressman Albert Bustamante has been found guilty on two counts of racketeering and using his office to obtain an illegal gratuity. Bustamante, who represented a South Texas district for seven years was acquitted on eight other counts. Migrant worker advocates say farm workers in the Midwest are being left out of the aid effort in that flood-devastated region.

They are viewed as nomads. They're viewed as people who are here to today and gone tomorrow, so it's much easier to focus FEMA funds, for example, on the severe loss that a farmer with 600 acres and millions of dollars worth of crops standing underwater. You can actually see the damage.

Bobbi Ryder is the director of the National Migrant Resource Center in Austin, Texas. The floods have left hundreds of farm workers without work in several Midwestern states. You're listening to Latino USA.

The great flood of 1993 has left millions of acres of Midwest farmland underwater and thousands of farm workers with no work. Many of those unemployed migrants are now returning early to their homes in the Rio Grande Valley of Texas. Attorney Ray Gill is with the United Farm Workers in San Juan.

Many of the people are going to be without unemployment insurance. They're going to be without the wages that they would have earned, that would protect them during the winter, because, typically, the migrant farm workers come back here, hopefully after a good summer of work cashed up to where they have enough money to be able to live at least for a while, buy shoes for the children and clothes for the children and the family, and fix up the family car and maybe fix up the family home. Hopefully, to collect unemployment during the winter to be able to, again, have enough money in May to get the family car together, to buy some gas to go back up North.

Resources to help the expected flood of returning farm workers are scarce in the Valley, says Gill, and many may not be eligible for emergency unemployment insurance.

For all the people that were going someplace in hopes of finding work, but didn't have a solid job that they were going to, but had heard there's there's corn detasseling around the Davenport area in Iowa, there are sugar beets in a particular area in North Dakota, who were going there in the hopes of finding work but didn't have anything solid or substantial ahead of them. Those people may not be eligible for this federal insurance. It's the typical syndrome. People will come back, they'll get on welfare program, aid the family with dependent children, or food stamps, and hopefully find a little bit of work here and there in the Valley, but that's highly unlikely given the 26 or 27% unemployment rate that's here in the best of times. You have a very disasterful situation.

Attorney Ray Gill is with the United Farm Workers in San Juan, Texas. I'm Maria Martin with news from Latino USA.

This is Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture.

[Opening Theme]

I'm Maria Hinojosa. Today on Latino USA, Homestead, Florida, one year after Hurricane Andrew.

My God, it's been a year. Our lives have been affected so much that we were living so fast, so quickly.

Also, for the end of the summer, a Nuyorican pastime.

Yo, this is Orchard Beach in the boogie-down Bronx, the Puerto Rican Riviera.

And a proposal for a free art agreement.

Through trilingual publications, radio, video, and performance collaborations, more complex notions of North American culture could be conceived.

That's all coming up on Latino USA. But first, las noticias.

On August 24th of last year, Hurricane Andrew ripped through South Florida, wreaking devastation. When the rains and winds had died down, 150,000 people were left homeless. One year later, many communities hard hit by Andrew have generally recovered, but that's not the case in the mostly agricultural region of South Dade County, where construction and repairs are still in progress. Many farms remain closed or are operating at half capacity. Reporter Emilio San Pedro was in the Florida City homestead area of South Florida on the anniversary of Hurricane Andrew. He reports that life is only very slowly returning to normal in this primarily farmworker community.

The Centro Campesino in Florida City is a farm worker support organization that serves as the unofficial town center for many of South Dade's migrant and year-round farm workers. Housing counselor Leslie Guerra says that every day, the staff at the Centro sees indications that the damages caused by Hurricane Andrew are still affecting the area's farmworkers.

In the long run, or the long term, the farmworker was affected because now there aren’t any- there's not as much work. There used to be a lot of farm laboring work done on lime groves, in plant nurseries, and stuff like that. And, as you know, everybody lost their trees in their backyard or their front yard, so you can imagine how the plant nursery industry did. And the farmworker, especially the farmworker who's here year-round, does lots of work in that particular industry, and that was almost completely wiped out.

One year after the eye of Hurricane Andrew passed over the agricultural region of South Dade, many farms remain closed or are operating at half capacity. The cost of housing has risen sharply, due to the destruction of many of the trailer parks, apartments and homes that house agricultural workers.

Last night I was watching a special program about the hurricane, and it was sad. It made me sad because I'm thinking-

Terry Adellano is a dance teacher at the Centro Campesino. She has seen her life, and the lives of the farmworkers she works with, transformed.

Our spirits really were blown away with the hurricane because our school was completely torn. I mean, our costumes flew away, our shoes. Along with a lot of our students that had to relocate to West Palm Beach, some to Texas, some stayed here, but most of them had to relocate because they didn't have nowhere else to live.

One of her students is Raul. His family stayed, even though their house was damaged, and his parents lost their business.

I learned not to give up by helping my parents after the hurricane, going out, making a little money by cleaning up other people's yards after I cleaned up my yard. My parents were just starting to pick up on a restaurant, and on the same day that the hurricane hit, the insurance man was supposed to come and approve it. But Hurricane Andrew beat him to it.

I'm going to ask Governor Chiles to say a few-

Today, on the eve of the anniversary of Hurricane Andrew, Terry Adellano and others at the Centro Campesino are hosting Florida's governor, Lawton Chiles, and other dignitaries who are paying visits to many of South Dade's hardest-hit regions.

I want to say how surprised I was when I came in here to see not only repairs being made to the homes that were here, but to see all the new homes being constructed. By golly, I'm delighted to see that the tent city is no longer there.

This is one of the houses that was rebuilt. This house was here during the hurricane. In fact, this house was used for-

Outside the office of the Centro Campesino is a housing development called Centro Villas. The more than 60 homes are owned by farmworkers that have participated in the Centro's sweat equity program. Antonia Torres lives in one of the houses and is the president of the Centro Villas Homeowners Association.

No, me falta terminar la cocina…[transition to English dub] I still need to redo the kitchen, and the kitchen cabinets haven't been replaced. Also, the tool shed was destroyed, and my fence has not been repaired [transition to original audio]…todavía.

Today, Antonia brought her husband and two boys to the Centro Campesino to hear what the governor had to say.

Que bueno que nos visitó el gobernador, que bueno…[transition to English dub] It's great that the governor came here, and hopefully it won't be just a visit. Hopefully it will result in assistance for all that need it. Sometimes it happens that way. They visit, look around, say they're going to help, and in the end, they don't do nothing [transition to original audio]…ojalá que esta vez sí ayuden.

Housing Counselor Leslie Guerra points out that houses like those in Centro Campesino are the exception for farmworkers, and that the majority of farmworkers are finding it difficult to make ends meet after Andrew, due to the shortage of affordable housing. She adds that the post-hurricane assistance offered by the Federal Emergency Management Agency, FEMA, was in many cases inadequate.

I think that FEMA has helped with maybe their personal property and personal belongings and things like that, but that is not long-term help. When someone replaces their furniture, it doesn't really get them back into the shape that they were in before. Helping them get a better job, helping them get better housing, that's what FEMA really should have done instead of giving them $8,000 or $9,000 and say, "Hey, buy new furniture with it." Is that really helping somebody put them back to where they were, or even helping them put their life back together psychologically and emotionally?

Hurricane Andrew caused over $1 billion in damages to South Dade's agriculture industry, and left thousands of acres of farmland barren. But today, many of the businesses on US 1 are back in operation, and some of the larger agricultural companies are in full swing. But many farmworkers have not yet fully recovered from the loss of housing and employment opportunities. For Latino USA, I'm Emilio San Pedro In Florida City.

Yesterday, in the morning, if you walked by downtown, you could see little ashes coming.

A large part of Southern California, which has seen its share of troubles in recent years, has been declared a federal disaster area, following a series of destructive fires which have caused billions of dollars in damages. The fires have been concentrated in the areas not heavily populated by Latinos, but according to Róger Lindo of La Opinion Newspaper in Los Angeles, the disaster's economic effects will be felt by all Californians for a long time to come.

It will have an impact. I mean, the state has to stress all its emergency capacities. This is a loss of property. This is a loss of resources for the state, for this part of the state.

Róger Lindo of La Opinion Newspaper in Los Angeles. From Austin, Texas, this is news from Latino USA.